![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Soyuz-docking-with-Salyut-1.png\")
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Dobrovolski \u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646. \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641 Vladislav N. Volkov \u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0641 Viktor I. Patsayev \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz 11 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 Reentry \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 Base Block \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631 Mir . \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0627\ufb6c\u0632\u062f\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz Crew Transport Spacecraft<\/a> .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632 Almaz \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz . \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064e \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 18 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632 Almaz \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a Protective Cover \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 23 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 10 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Pad 1 \u0641\u064a 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Shatalov \u0648\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0633.\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0641 Aleksei S. Yeliseyev \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641 Nikolai N. Rukavishnikov \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641 Shatalov \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 Hard Docking \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f 5.5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz 10 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 Docking Probe \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut . \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 06 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a Dobrovolski \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641 Volkov (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0641 Patsayev \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 11 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0646 Controllers \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 Destructive Reentry \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 11 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 1971 \u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0636\u062a 175 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a-2 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0623\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a-1 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut-2 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0623. \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0641 Aleksei A. Leonov \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0646.\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0641 Valeri N. Kubasov \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 Steerable Solar Panels \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 11 \/\u0622\u064a\u0627\u0631 1973 \u0645\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 Skylab \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 Attitude Control Thrusters \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut 4 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1974 \u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u064a 30 \u0648 63 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a Space Endurance Records \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a 6 \u0648 7 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1977 \u0648 1982 \u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 Second Docking Port \u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0633 Progress Cargo Vehicles \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0637\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 Docking Ports \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a Base Block \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u060c 104 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 13 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Shuttle-Mir Program \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 14 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 Backup Module \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631 Mir Base Block \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (ISS) \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0641\u0632\u062f\u0627 Zvezda Service Module<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0641\u0632\u062f\u0627 Zvezda Service Module<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1971 \u0645.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 Skylab 1 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 14 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1973 \u0645. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 Skylab \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 169000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0629 Pressurized Workshop \u060c \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 Airlock \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 12417 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u064e\u063a\u064b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645: \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 “\u0628\u064a\u062a” \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062f Charles \u201cPete\u201d Conrad \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0628.\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 Joseph P. Kerwin \u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0632 Paul J. Weitz \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u062a 28 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Alan L. Bean \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0643.\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062a Owen K. Garriott \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627 Jack R. Lousma \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 59 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631 Gerald P. Carr \u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0646 Edward G. Gibson \u060c \u0648\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062c William R. Pogue \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 84 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b. \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f Long-Duration Spaceflight \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 1 \u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 171 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1979 \u0645.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 Ronald W. Reagan \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627 Zvezda<\/a> \u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2000 \u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c Tiangong 1 \u0648 Tiangong 2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a 2011 \u0648 2016 \u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a Tianhe Core Module \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 1- 50 Years Ago: Launch of Salyut, the World\u2019s First Space Station<\/a> – NASA<\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 *******************************<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627 Zvezda Service Module<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u201c\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0643\u0627 Nauka\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roscosmos \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 International Space Station ISS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a Tranquility \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0633 Columbus<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a IRELL \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 Clim Cam \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 23 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 23M$ titanium space toilet<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS Orbit Adjustment \u061f<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 SpaceX \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Crew Dragon<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u062a\u064a\u0646 63 \u0648 64<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u0645<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 MIRA<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c Tiangong1<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c Tiangong-2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c Tiangong-3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0629 Halo Orbit \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n .<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a ESPRIT \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632 Almaz<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut-1<\/span><\/h1>\n
<\/p>\n\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut-2<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut-3<\/span><\/h2>\n
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\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a Salyut-4<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628 Skylab 1<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\")
<\/a>\u0648 ![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\")
<\/a><\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\")
<\/p>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\n\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n