![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Soyus-MS-S.jpg\")
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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 Soyus \u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f Union \u060c \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 MS \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 Modernized Systems” .<\/p>\n
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\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0645 \u0625\u0633 Soyuz-MS (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u041c\u0421 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 Series 730 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 Article 11F732 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 GRAU: 11F732A48 ). \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roscosmos \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Soyuz MS-01 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 07 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2016 \u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz-FG \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS . \u062d\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Soyuz-MS \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz-TMA-M<\/a> (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 Series 700).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 09 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2016 \u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 Soyuz TMA-M \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2010 \u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 Ukraine .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 TMA<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a “\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a Wish List” \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639 Thrusters \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 Rendezvous And Orientation System (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 Dvigately Prichalivaniya i Orientatsii, DPO-B )\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Avionics Unit \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 Blok Avtomatiki, BA DPO) \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 SSVP Docking Port \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 Backup Electric Motors .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 Motion Control System \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a SUDN \u061b \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Onboard Equipment Control System \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a SUBK \u061b \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communications System \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a STR \u061b \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 Rendezvous Radio System \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a RTS .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u060c \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0643 Anti-meteoroid Shielding \u0623\u0648 DPM \u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 Habitation Module, BO \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 Solar Panels \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz TMA-M \u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0646 2010 \u0625\u0644\u064a 2016 \u0645).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0633 Progress Cargo Ships \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz . \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 Progress-MS \u0648 Soyuz-MS \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 MS \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 Modernized Systems”. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 Robotic Cargo Ships \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 MS \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 Next-Generation Transport Ship PTK NP .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Moscow Air and Space Show \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 RKK Energia \u0628\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 MS \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Soyuz-MS (\u0631\u0642\u0645 No. 731) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 Progress-MS (\u0631\u0642\u0645 431) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u060c \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz-MS \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0645\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 RKK Energia \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz-MS . \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 Integrated Electric Test Stand [KS] \u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 RKK Energia \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a Progress-MS \u0648 Soyuz-MS \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a Ground Test Program \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a Dynamic Prototype \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz-MS .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz-MS \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Soyuz TMA-M \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 Soyuz-MS.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641):<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 Apollo \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 Apollo Command Module \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 5000 \u0643\u062c\u0645 \u061b \u0632\u0648\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 Airlock \u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Module \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 Lunar Module LM \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 KO2 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 LiOH \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 200 \u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 65 \u0643\u062c\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641 Nose Fairing \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a Automatic Docking System . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a Ground Control .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Module \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a (\u0411\u041e), Bitovoy otsek (BO) ) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 Habitation Section . \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Reentry \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0636. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 Docking Port . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648 Docking Avionics \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 Hatch \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 Descent Module \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 Airlock \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 Docking Port .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz Spacecraft .<\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Reentry Module (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 (\u0421\u0410), Spuskaemiy apparat (SA) ) \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062d Braking Parachute \u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Main Parachute \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 Solid-Fuel Braking Engines \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Heat Shield \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 Soft Landing . \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 Volumetric Efficiency \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646 Hull Area). \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 Lift \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 Ballistic Reentry \u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 Ballistic Reentries \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 Initial Deorbit Burn . \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a Headlight” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz -\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f (\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Heat Shield \u0630\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Instrumentation\/Propulsion Module \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Soyuz spacecraft .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Module (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a (\u041f\u0410\u041e), Priborno-Agregatniy Otsek (PAO) ) . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Instrumentation Compartment (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a (\u041f\u041e), Priborniy Otsek (PO) ) \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0629 Pressurized Container \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0641\u062e\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 Temperature Control \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 Long-Range Radio Communications \u060c \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f Radio Telemetry (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 Orientation and Control . \u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion Compartment (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 : \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a (\u0410\u041e), Agregatniy Otsek (AO) ) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a Main Engine \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 Spare : \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 Liquid-Fuel Propulsion Systems \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Low-Thrust Engines \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 Orientation \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 Intermediate Compartment (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 : \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a (\u041f\u0445\u041e), Perekhodnoi Otsek (PkhO) ) . \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 Orientation System \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a Modular (\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629\/ \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a) \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Re-Entry . \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 180 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062c\u064a Elliptical Hohmann Orbit (\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a Hohmann Transfer Orbit)<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz . \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Soyuz \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 . \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 Hatch \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 Airlock \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Re-entry firing \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 Nighttime Landings .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0645 \u0625\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Soyuz-Launch.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Soyuz-TMA_parts.jpg\")
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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 Design<\/span><\/h2>\n
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<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module (BO) \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Reentry Module (SA)<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Module (PAO)<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 Re-entry procedure<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Book1_ani.gif\")
<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\")
<\/a>\u0648 ![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\")
<\/a><\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\")
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