{"id":4311,"date":"2022-10-29T15:53:58","date_gmt":"2022-10-29T13:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=4311"},"modified":"2023-01-24T20:09:04","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T18:09:04","slug":"skif-d-sat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/skif-d-sat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Skif-D \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 Sphere \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Skif-D \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 Sphere \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\/ \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif<\/span> \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 Sfera<\/span> .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 Sfera<\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 162 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633 Ekspress<\/span> (\u0623\u0648 Express<\/span>) \u0648\u0625\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633-\u0622\u0631 \u0641\u064a Ekspress-RV<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 High Elliptical Orbits<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646 Marathon<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0633\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0644 Yamal<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0631 Smotr<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062a Berkut<\/span> .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 Skif-D<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 ISS Reshetnev<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 Operational Skif Satellites<\/span> .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Skif-D<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e Soyuz-2-1b Fregat <\/span>.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/strong>General<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 Names<\/td>\n\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D \u0623\u0648 Skif-D (14F149) .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 Mission Type<\/td>\n\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communication .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 Nation<\/td>\n\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 Russia .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 COSPAR ID<\/td>\n2022-139<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0631\u0642\u0645 SATCAT no.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 Design<\/td>\n\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 ISS Reshetnev \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 Manufacturer<\/td>\n\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 ISS Reshetnev \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 Operator<\/td>\n\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 Russian Space Systems RKS [RSS] .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a Website<\/td>\nhttp:\/\/russianspacesystems.ru\/<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 <\/strong>Launch<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Contractor<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Date<\/td>\n\u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 22:57:09 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Site<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a Vostochny Vo \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 LC-1S .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Vehicle<\/td>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e Soyuz-2-1b\/Fregat No. 142-503 .<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload Fairing \u0647\u0648 14S737 .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n\u0645\u0639 3 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 Gonets-M \u0648\u0647\u064a Gonets-M 33 \u0648 Gonets-M 34 \u0648 Gonets-M 35 – (Block 18) .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a <\/strong>Satellite<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 Satellite Type<\/td>\n\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communication .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 Contractor<\/td>\n\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 ISS Reshetnev \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Power Supply<\/td>\n\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 Deployable Solar Arrays \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Batteries .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u00a0 Launch Mass<\/td>\n160 \u0643\u062c\u0645 (\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 139 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 160 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 200 \u0643\u062c\u0645) \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 Dry Mass<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a Equipment<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 Payload Mass<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f Dimensions<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 <\/strong>Orbit<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 Arrival Date<\/td>\n\u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 Orbit Type<\/td>\n\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a Near-polar .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 Orbit Altitude<\/td>\n\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a Lifetime<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 Status<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 33 \u0648 34 \u0648 35 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 Block 18) \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0643 Plesetsk \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627 Angara-1.2 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 15 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645. \u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roscosmos \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 2.278 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0641 GKNPTs Khrunichev \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 25 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627 Angara- 1.2 .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u060c \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627 Angara-1.2 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e Rockot Booster \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a UR-100NU \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627 Angara \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roscosmos \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Block 18 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e Soyuz-2.1b \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 1.345 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0644 “\u0641\u0642\u0637” . \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0637\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Piggy-Backing Payloads \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0643 Plesetsk .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 30 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645\u060c \u0623\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0641 Khrunichev \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 18 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a Vostochny \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0643 Plesetsk . \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Pre-Launch Testing Equipment \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a . \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 \u0645\u060c \u0632\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roskosmos \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 18 \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz-2-1b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 \u0645\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 15 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 Gonets-D1M \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 18 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645. \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0637\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633-\u0625\u0645 Gonets-M \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024 \u0645\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 Gonets 2022 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 Piggy-Back Payloads \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629 cube-sat \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 ArcCube-01 \u0648 ASRTU-1 \u0648 MKA MFTI \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 Laser Communications . \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 Block 18 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633-\u0625\u0645 Gonets-M .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633-\u0625\u0645 Gonets-M \u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 280 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 200 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 -2 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 kerosene \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 Naftil”. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz Ground Infrastructure \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 Autonomous Tests \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Pre-Launch Countdown \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 Naftil \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a Skif-D \u0631\u0642\u0645 11L \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 “D” \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a Demonstrator” \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 o3b constellation \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif network (\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Planes \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f) \u0623\u0639\u064f\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 ISS Reshetnev \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 Medium-Altitude Circular Orbits \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f 8070 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 88.2 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif-D \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 Ka .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 Skif-D \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a International Telecommunications Union, ITU \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 10 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Skif \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 Skif \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2027 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2029 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Skif \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 Sputnikovaya Sistema Gonets \u0648 Zond Holding .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 Skif \u0641\u064a ISS Reshetnev \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2021 \u0645\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Skif-D. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2021 \u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 08 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 Roskosmos \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 ISS Reshetnev \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a Preliminary Design \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641 Skif System .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u060c \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 Reshetnev \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 Skif-D \u0625\u0644\u0649 AO Saturn \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 Krasnodar \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 Photovoltaic Elements \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2022 \u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISS Reshetnev \u060c \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Module \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a Instrument Payloads \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0635\u064a\u0641 2022 \u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Preparations for launch<\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a Fregat \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a Vostochny \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2022 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0633 Gonets \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0648 Ignatievo \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a Vostochny \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 Il-76 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 14 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u062f\u064a Skif-D \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 29 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload Section \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 13 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 18 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 State Commission \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Rollout \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d 19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f Ascent Profile<\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e Soyuz-2-1B \/ Fregat \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 Pad 1S \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0646\u064a Vostochny \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 22:57: 09.456 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 (3:57 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629). (\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 23 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a.)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Profile \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz \/ Fregat \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 Fregat \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Near-Orbital Velocity \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 Eastern Russia \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a Arctic Ocean .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 4696 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 46 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 L+118.94 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 10000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 payload fairing \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 L+228.29 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 L+287.87 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 150 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 13702 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\/\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 L+560.66 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 L+563.96 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a Fregat \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647 200 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 Passive Flight \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a Elliptical Transfer Orbit \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1500 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633 Gonets \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648 38 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Skif-D \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a Fregat . \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 Roskosmos \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f 4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a Fregat \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 Disposal Trajectory .<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627<\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0641 Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev [ISS] Reshetnev \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0631 Skif-D \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0641 Evgeny Nesterov : “\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0645\u0631 Skif-D \u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 Sphere”.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF : \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0640\u0646\u0640\u0627\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- Skif-D (14F149)<\/a> – space.skyrocket<\/p>\n

2- Soyuz launches Gonets trio, Skif-D proto-satellite<\/a> – russianspaceweb<\/p>\n

*<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<\/a>\u0648 <\/a><\/p>\n

*******************************<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n