{"id":4172,"date":"2022-09-28T19:05:47","date_gmt":"2022-09-28T17:05:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=4172"},"modified":"2022-09-28T19:05:47","modified_gmt":"2022-09-28T17:05:47","slug":"shuttle-carrier-aircraft-sca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/spacecrafts\/shuttle-carrier-aircraft-sca\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft SCA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA)<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 Airliner<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c Boeing 747<\/span> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Space Shuttle Orbiters<\/a> . \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a N905NA<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 100-747<\/span> \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a N911NA<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 747-100SR<\/span> \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a Short Range<\/span> .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 SCAs \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Landing Facility \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Kennedy Space Center KSC \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbiters \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647 Mate-Demate Devices \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 Gantry-Like Structures \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1977 \u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Approach And Landing Test Flights \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632 Enterprise \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a 5 \u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a Lockheed C-5 Galaxy \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c Boeing 747 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a Galaxy \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c Boeing \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a 905<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 Boeing 747\u2013123 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 N905NA \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0632 American Airlines). \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 747 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632 Enterprise \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1974 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Trailing Wake Vortex Research \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 NASA Dryden \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 F-104 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 747 . \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 “The Six Million Dollar Man” \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1976 \u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 Cabin \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 Insulation \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 Fuselage . \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a Mounting Struts \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 747 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a Fittings \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a External Fuel Tank \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 Center Of Gravity \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0629 Vertical Stabilizers \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0644 Tail \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Avionics \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 Engines . \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 Internal Escape Slide \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 Flight Deck \u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 Escape Slide \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 Parachute \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 Slide System) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Approach and Landing Tests \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 Drag (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Altitude \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1000 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a (1200 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u061b 1900 \u0643\u0645) \u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 5\u060c500 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a (6\u060c300 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u061b 10\u060c200 \u0643\u0645) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 SCA \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 Ballast<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 4600 \u0645 (15000 \u0642\u062f\u0645) \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 0.6 \u0645\u0627\u062e (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062e Mach<\/span> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a). \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 170 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Aerial Refueling Equipment \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 E4 (\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c 747-200s) \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c 747 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f Tanker Transports \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 IIAF \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0639\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0644 Tailfin \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA \u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0632 American Airlines \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 Infrared Countermeasures System \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 heat-seeking missiles \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632 Enterprise \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a Goose Bay \u060c \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 Keflavik \u060c \u0623\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 Iceland \u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 England \u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 West Germany . \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a Paris Air Show .<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 911<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988 \u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0631 Challenger \u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c 747SR-46 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 Japan Airlines . \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 N911NA \u060c \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631 Endeavour \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0644 Palmdale \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 KSC .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Dryden Flight Research Center \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 Edwards Air Force Base \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N911NA \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 Upper-Deck Windows \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 Rear Mounting Points \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627 Attach Orbiter Here\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627 Place Orbiter Here\u00bb \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 Black Side Down”.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Carriers \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Landing Sites \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c Boeing \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 Demonstrator \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u064a (\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u062d\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 Phantom Ray Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 Edwards \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 11 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2010 \u0645.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Approach and Landing Tests<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Approach and Landing Tests \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632 Enterprise \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977 \u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Flight Characteristics \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle system \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 3 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 Taxi Tests \u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 8 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 Captive Flight Tests \u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 5 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631 Free Flight Tests .<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbiters \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Secondary Landing Site) \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 SLF \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Dryden Flight Research Center \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 Rockwell International \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 SCA \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 Discovery \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 Udvar-Hazy \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 19 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2012 \u0645. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 17 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2012 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Discovery \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u064a-38 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 T-38 Talon \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062d\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 747 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 Discovery \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 10 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 Dulles \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 11 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627.\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631 Endeavour \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 19 \u0648 21 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f Ellington Field \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 Edwards \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 SCA \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 Endeavour \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) . \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0648\u062f Inglewood \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 California Science Center \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 Exposition Park .<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0631\u0642\u0645 N911NA<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 8 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2012 \u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u00ab\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u00bb \u0623\u0648 Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062c Boeing 747<\/span> . \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N911NA<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u062f\u062c \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 Joe Davies Heritage Airpark<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0631\u0642\u0645 N905NA<\/span> \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631 Endeavour<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N911NA<\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627 SOFIA<\/a> . \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 Space Center Houston<\/span> \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 Independence<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 N905NA<\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 The Big Move<\/span>) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2014 \u0645. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 Independence Plaza<\/span> \u060c \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 23 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016 \u0645.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643)<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 <\/strong>General characteristics<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 Crew<\/strong><\/td>\n4 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 Pilot \u060c \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f Co-Pilot \u060c 2 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Flight Engineer (\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 Length<\/strong><\/td>\n70.51 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (231 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648 4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d Wingspan<\/strong><\/td>\n59.64 \u0645 (195 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 Height<\/strong><\/td>\n19.33 \u0645 (63 \u0642\u062f\u0645 5 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d Wing Area<\/strong><\/td>\n510 \u0645 2 (5500 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a Empty Weight<\/strong><\/td>\n144242 \u0643\u062c\u0645 (318000 \u0631\u0637\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 Max Takeoff Weight<\/strong><\/td>\n322\u060c051 \u0643\u062c\u0645 (710\u060c000 \u0631\u0637\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 Powerplant<\/strong><\/td>\n4 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7J \u060c \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 220 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 (50000 \u0631\u0637\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 <\/strong>Performance<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u00a0Cruise Speed<\/strong><\/td>\n460 \u0643\u0645 \/ \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 (290 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 – 250 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629) \u0623\u0648 0.6 \u0645\u0627\u062e \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 Range<\/strong><\/td>\n2130 \u0643\u0645 (1320 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u2013 1150 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 Service Ceiling<\/strong><\/td>\n4600 \u0645 (15000 \u0642\u062f\u0645)\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- Shuttle Carrier Aircraft \u2013 Wikipedia \u2013 Sep. 2022<\/p>\n

*<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<\/a>\u0648 <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

*******************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n