![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Satellite-subsystem.png\")
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\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a Space System<\/span> \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0646 :<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Spacecraft<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 :<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 30 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Total Spacecraft Mass Budget . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 Subsystems \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 70 \u066a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload Sizing \u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 Size \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 Weight \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 Power \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Swap Requirements \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0629 Swap \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 Attitude Determination and Control Subsystem \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 ADCS (\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0643\u0633).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 Pointing \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u061f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631 Maneuver \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 Controller \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 Programmed Inputs \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Commanded Inputs \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Instruments \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 Reaction Wheels \u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639 Thrusters \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Magnetic Tourquers .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 Sensors \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a Sensors \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a Sensors \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a Gyroscopes \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 Earth, Sun and Star Sensors \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 Accelerometers \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a Positioning, Navigation and Timing \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a PNT Sensors \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 ADCS .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 Guidance, Navigation and Control Subsystem \u0623\u0648 GNC . \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 GNC \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion Subsystem \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a Primary Actuator \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 GNC .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion Subsystem \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 Orbit \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 Station-Keeping Operations \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0641\u0639 Thruster \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a Orbital Altitude \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a Atmospheric Drag (\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0633\u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 Nano-Satellites \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648 Pico-Satellites \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Thrusters \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propellant Tanks \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a Plumbing \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Thrusters .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion \u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Electrical Power Subsystem \u0623\u0648 EPS .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 EPS \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 Solar Arrays \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 Solar Arrays \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Batteries \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0648\u0641 Eclipse . \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 ADCS \u060c \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 Power Management and Distribution \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PMaD (\u0628\u0650\u0645\u0627\u062f).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 PMaD \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Voltages \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a Current \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Thermal Control Subsystem . \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Thermal Control Subsystem \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 insulation \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 protective coatings \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Radiators \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a Louvers \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Radiators .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647 Structures . \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload . .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communications Subsystem \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 Transmitters \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 Receivers \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a Antennas .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communications \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Commands \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f Telemetry .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Commanding and Data Handling Subsystem . \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f telemetry \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (CPU) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 Memory . \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Operating System \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a Program Applications \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f Health Telemetry \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload Data . \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 Links<\/strong><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0646\u0627 Interface \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a Sensors \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (CPU) .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Commanding and Data Handling Subsystem \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Software<\/strong><\/span> . \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 Code .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a Space Segment \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a Space System \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Total Mass of the Spacecraft . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Vehicle \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 *******************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n\n
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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 Payload<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 Attitude Determination and Control Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 Guidance, Navigation and Control Subsystem<\/span><\/h1>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propulsion Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Electrical Power Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Thermal Control Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 Structure (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647)<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 Structure \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Launch Vehicle \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 Standard Structure \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Communications Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Commanding and Data Handling Subsystem<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\")
<\/a>\u0648 ![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\")
<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\")
<\/p>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n
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\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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