{"id":3141,"date":"2021-10-28T09:03:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-28T07:03:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=3141"},"modified":"2021-10-28T09:03:55","modified_gmt":"2021-10-28T07:03:55","slug":"return-fuel-on-mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/spacecrafts\/return-fuel-on-mars\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3142 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Return-Fuel-on-Mars.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"880\" height=\"343\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Return-Fuel-on-Mars.jpg 880w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Return-Fuel-on-Mars-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Return-Fuel-on-Mars-768x299.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 880px) 100vw, 880px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">bio-ISRU Strategy<\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Chemical Catalysis<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a 8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 30 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 Methane \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 Oxygen \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 Georgia Institute of Technology \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 Photobioreactors \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 Carbon Dioxide \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 Cyanobacteria \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Sugars . \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 E. coli) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639 Propellant \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u063a\u0630\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f 44 \u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 2\u060c3-\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644 2,3-Butanediol \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a Polymers \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 Rubber .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0635\u0646 Wenting Sun \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a 2\u060c3-\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644 2,3-Butanediol \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639 Propellant . \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-26393-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nature Communications<\/a> (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 Nature <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-26393-7.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF<\/a>)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 Photoreactors \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a Modules \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 Cyanobacteria \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a Photosynthesis (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 Reactor \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a Enzymes \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 E. coli \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 Propellant \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064a Rocket Fuel \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 95 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 bio-ISRU Strategy \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 32 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 &#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a Chemical Catalysis .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 Pamela Peralta-Yahya \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 Corresponding Author \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 School of Chemistry &amp; Biochemistry \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062a: &#8220;\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a Timeline \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2037 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF : \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/14IeG2bqw_cIIEXnqc4jUyphhm_0YG3Cd\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0647\u0646\u0627 <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1451\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Book1_ani.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/sciencetech\/article-10132291\/Bacteria-grown-Mars-turned-rocket-fuel-save-NASA-8-BILLION.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644 DailyMail<\/a> \u064a\u0648\u0645 26 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/web.facebook.com\/3instSimSpace\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2022\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"72\" \/><\/a>\u0648\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/groups\/12376356\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>***********************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/mars-and-bacteria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/astronomy\/elon-musk-mars\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/spacecrafts\/optimal-radiation-shielding-to-mras\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/requirements-for-manned-space-flights\/\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/space-probes\/mars-sample-return-msr-irb\/\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/news\/mars-sample-quarantine\/\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/astronomy\/mars-surface-landslides\/\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/news\/astronaut-to-venus\/\">\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 Venus<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/scientists\/russian-teledroid-cosmorobot\/\">\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/spacecrafts\/virtual-reality-during-interplanetary-travel\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u201d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e . \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631. &nbsp; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3142,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46],"tags":[69,64,70],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3141"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3141"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3141\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3143,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3141\/revisions\/3143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}