{"id":2222,"date":"2021-01-28T20:01:02","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T18:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=2222"},"modified":"2021-02-03T18:03:44","modified_gmt":"2021-02-03T16:03:44","slug":"nasa-scientific-balloons-facts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/nasa-scientific-balloons-facts\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 &#8211; \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 Scientific Balloons Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2223 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NASA-Scientific-Balloons-Facts.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"652\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NASA-Scientific-Balloons-Facts.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NASA-Scientific-Balloons-Facts-267x300.jpg 267w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0649\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Scientific Balloon Program Office (BPO).<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a Scientific Balloon System<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 (NASA) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a Scientific Balloon Program Office (BPO) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Sub-Orbital Space Flight Program \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 Carrier \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 Scientific Balloons \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 Polyethylene Film \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0643 0.02 \u0645\u0645 (0.8 \u0645\u0644) \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 Structure \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 Gores \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 &#8220;\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632 Banana Peels&#8221;. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 1.12 \u00d7 106 \u06453 (40 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628) \u0623\u0648 1.12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 183 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (660 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 3 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (9 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 Mid-Point .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 Heat \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 Load Tapes . \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 Fully Inflated \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 140 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (460 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647 121 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (396 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627). \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon System \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Parachute \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0629 Gondola \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 Science Experiment \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 Test Article . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642 Total Suspended Load \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 3600 \u0643\u062c\u0645 (8000 \u0631\u0637\u0644) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 36 \u0643\u0645 (118000 \u0642\u062f\u0645). \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0641. \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a Ballooning \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 Fully Inflated<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon Volume<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">1.12 \u00d7 10<sup>6<\/sup> \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> (40 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628) \u0623\u0648 1.12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 Balloon Surface Area<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">89800 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 Diameter<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">140 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (460 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 Height<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">121 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (396 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 Skin Thickness<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">0.02 \u0645\u0645 (0.8 \u0645\u0644 mil)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a Lenght of Seams<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">34.8 \u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u064a Nominal Altitude<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">38.4 \u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"328\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u064a Max. Payload Weight<\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">2750 \u0643\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon Launch \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 Helium \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648&#8221; Float Altitude . \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 Stratospheric Winds \u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 Ground Station \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 Long Duration Balloon (LDB) flights . \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 Super Pressure Balloon (SPB) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 SPB \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 Ultra Long Duration Missions (ULDB) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 100 \u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/nasa-types-of-balloons\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2226\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/balloon_technology_mars_concept-300x185.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/balloon_technology_mars_concept-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/balloon_technology_mars_concept.jpg 650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623<\/span> \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/nasa-types-of-balloons\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 Types of Balloons<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 Astrophysics \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 Earth Science \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 Planetary Science \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 Heliophysics \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 Technology Development. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon Science \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Boomerang \u0648 MAXIMA \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 Cosmic-Ray Antiprotons \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 Dark Matter . \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0627 Super Nova 1987A \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 Chlorine Monoxide (ClO) \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 CFCs \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (CMB) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Spacecraft .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 David Wilkinson \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 CMB. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0626\u0629 Scintillating Fiber Trajectory Detector \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646.<br \/>\n\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) \u060c \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (EOS-Aura) \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 CMB \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Primordial Gravitational Waves \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0629 Inflationary Period \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646. \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a Primordial Anisotropy Polarization Pathfinder Array (PAPPA) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 E-and B-mode Explorer (EBEX) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 Balloon Borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 CMB \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 Foreground Microwave Radiation \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 CMB.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1018 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 CMB \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 1017-19 eV . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 Askaryan Effect \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Electromagnetic Cascade \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 X-Calibur \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (ProtoEXIST) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 CdZnTe \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 Coded Aperture \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0633\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646 Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT) .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 Heliophysics scientific balloon telescopes \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a (EUV). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 Netosphere \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 In-Situ Observations \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 In-Situ Validation \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 Polar Stratospheric Clouds \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.wff.nasa.gov\/balloons\/docs\/outreach\/Scientific Balloons Facts.pdf\">Scientific Balloons Facts<\/a> \u2013 NASA &#8211; PDF<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/web.facebook.com\/3instSimSpace\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2022\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"72\" \/><\/a>\u0648\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/groups\/12376356\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3>\u00a0.<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/nasa-types-of-balloons\/\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 Types of Balloons<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/air-launch-to-orbit\/\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 Air-Launch-to-Orbit<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/launch-vehicles\/virgin-orbit1\/\">\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/space-rendezvous\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a Space Rendezvous \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/weather-to-launch\/\"> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 Weather to Launch<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/spacecrafts\/kuaizhou-kz-1a\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 KZ-1A \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0626 \u0639\u0646 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/momo-rocket\/\"> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0645\u0648 MOMO \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a Commercial Rocket<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/sea-launch\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/ss-520\/\"> \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/rlv-t5\/\"> \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/mission-shakti\/\"> \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 Balloon \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. . \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a &nbsp; \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0649\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. &nbsp; \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a. &nbsp; The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2223,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[271,213],"tags":[267,197],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2222"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2222"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2231,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2222\/revisions\/2231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}