{"id":1653,"date":"2020-10-16T07:53:51","date_gmt":"2020-10-16T05:53:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=1653"},"modified":"2020-10-16T07:53:51","modified_gmt":"2020-10-16T05:53:51","slug":"spaceflight-a-concise-history-neufeld-bok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/spaceflight-a-concise-history-neufeld-bok\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 _ \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 Spaceflight: A Concise History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1655 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/spaceflight-history-neufeld-bok.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"575\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/spaceflight-history-neufeld-bok.jpg 575w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/spaceflight-history-neufeld-bok-300x212.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 :\u00a0<\/strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 _ \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 Spaceflight: A Concise History .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0644\u062f Michael J. Neufeld .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :<\/strong> \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 :<\/strong> PDF .<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 :<\/strong> 16.097 \u0645 \u0628.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u00a0 :<\/strong> 15 \u2013 10 \u2013 2020 \u0645<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064c \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Spaceflight<\/span> \u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u00ab\u0633\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0643 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Sputnik<\/span>\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Apollo<\/span>\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u00ab\u0633\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0643 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Sputnik<\/span>\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0665\u0667 \u0645\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0628\u0637 \u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Apollo<\/span>\u00bb \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The Space Program<\/span>\u00bb \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Unmanned Military and Commercial Spacecraft<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Robotic Deep-Space Explorers<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Soviet-U.S. Cold War<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064e \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Space Science Fiction<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Star Trek<\/span>\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Star Wars<\/span>\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062d\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064c \u062a\u064e\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u2014 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200e\u200e<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0668 \u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660 \u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Contents<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Spaceflight Dreams and Military Imperatives<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The Cold War Space Race<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Space Science and Exploration<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">A Global Space Infrastructure<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Astroculture: Spaceflight and the Imagination<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Human Spaceflight after the Cold War<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Epilogue: The Past and Future of Spaceflight<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0633\u0631\u064e\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Glossary<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Notes<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Further Readings<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 Author\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0644\u062f <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Michael J. Neufeld<\/span> : \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Space History Department<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u00ab\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646\u00bb <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646. \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u00bb <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">History Channe<\/span>l \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0625\u0633 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">PBS<\/span>)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u064a \u0622\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">NPR<\/span>)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">BBC<\/span>). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064e\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062e <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The Rocket and the Reich<\/span>\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Von Braun<\/span>\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindawi.org\/books\/85927131\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-495 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Download_ani.gif\" alt=\"download_ani\" width=\"149\" height=\"60\" \/><\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d<\/strong> <\/span>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Preview<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com.eg\/books?id=-Nb6tAEACAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">books.google<\/a>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>* \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/mix_boks\/all-about-satellites\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 Satellites \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/ibuki-satellites\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a Ibuki Satellites \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong> <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/mix_boks\/sat1bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/noor-1-bok\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i><strong> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : (\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a) \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631 Noor-1<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/angosat-1-bok\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : (\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a) \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a AngoSat-1<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/momo-commercial-rocket-bok\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i><strong> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0645\u0648 MOMO \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a Commercial Rocket<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/astra-bok\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i><strong> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627 Astra \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/space-and-islam-bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/outer-space-usage-bok\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i><strong> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/ae_department_booklet_arabic\/\">\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 : \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 2005 \u0645<\/a> &#8211; <\/strong><strong>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/7days-in-space\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/the-space-atlas\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u00a0The Space Atlas<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/space-ship-bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Space Ship \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 (\u06352)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/crew-dragon-bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 Crew Dragon<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/mix_boks\/starliner-launch-1\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 :\u00a0\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Starliner \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/mix_boks\/insight-bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062a InSight \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/tianwen-1-2\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u00a0Tianwen-1<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>*\u00a0<\/strong><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/books\/uae-rashid-lunar-rover-bok\/\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f UAE Rashid Lunar Rover<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &nbsp; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 :\u00a0\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 _ \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 Spaceflight: A Concise History . &nbsp; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0: \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0644\u062f Michael J. Neufeld . &nbsp; \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 : \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 &nbsp; \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 : PDF . \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 16.097 \u0645 \u0628. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1655,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[47],"tags":[90,59,53],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1653"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1656,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions\/1656"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}