{"id":1431,"date":"2020-09-03T20:29:14","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T18:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/?p=1431"},"modified":"2020-09-03T20:34:01","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T18:34:01","slug":"usp-bus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/usp-bus\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 Universal Space Platform USP"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1432 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/RKK-Energia-USP-Bus.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/RKK-Energia-USP-Bus.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/RKK-Energia-USP-Bus-300x185.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Universal Space Platform<\/span> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">USP<\/span> .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Universal Space Platform<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">S.P. Korolev RSC Energia<\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Yamal<\/span>. \u0648 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Flight Qualification<\/span> \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Yamal-100<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a 6 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1999 \u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Universal Space Platform<\/span> \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">RSC Energia<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Development<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Turn-Key<\/span> \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Communication Systems<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Earth remote sensing ERS<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Development<\/span> \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Platform Adaptation<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Developer<\/span> \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Main Characteristics<\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"tab_st\" style=\"border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60%\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Working orbits<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td dir=\"ltr\" width=\"40%\">Low (including SSO),<br \/>\nmiddle, HEO, GEO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dry space platform (SP) mass<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">950\u20261200 kg<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Payload (PL) mass:<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\"><p>for low, middle, high-elliptical orbits<br \/>\nfor GEO<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">500\u20261000 kg<br \/>\n250\u2026300 kg<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">PL electric power:<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\"><p>for low, middle, high-elliptical orbits<br \/>\nfor GEO<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">up to 3000 W<br \/>\n2200 W<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Attitude control<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Three-axial<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">SP attitude control accuracy<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">3\u20266 min of arc<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Stabilization accuracy:<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\"><p>&#8211; in angle<br \/>\n&#8211; in angular rate<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">1 min of arc<br \/>\n0.001&#8230;0.002 deg of arc\/s<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nominal voltage<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">28.5 V<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Flight service life<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\"><p>for low, middle, high-elliptical orbits<br \/>\nfor GEO<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">at least 7 years<br \/>\nup to 12.5 years<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">SSO &#8211; Sun-synchronous orbit<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">HEO &#8211; High-elliptical orbit<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">GEO &#8211; geostationary orbit<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Multi-purpose Satellite Bus<\/span> :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Pressurized Compartments<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Compartments<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Solar Array Panels<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">On-Board Antennas<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Sandwiched Honeycomb<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Composite Materials<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Power Supply System<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Solar Arrays<\/span> \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Batteries<\/span> \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644-\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ni-H<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Passive Thermal Control System<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Heat Pipes<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Motion Control System<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Optical Sensors<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Angular Rate Meters<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Momentum Wheels<\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Electrical Propulsion Unit<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Xenon<\/span> (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">On-Board Control System<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Computer System<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Redundant<\/span> \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Bus<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Software<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Modularity<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Integration<\/span> \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Multi-purpose Satellite Bus<\/span> . <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energia.ru\/en\/automatic\/usp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 Source<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #b30e0e; background-color: #d0c8e8;\" border=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus Structure)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a : \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 Platform)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631. \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 Mission Payload \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 Platform). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 Bus \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a Thermal Control \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Electrical Power \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 Attitude Control \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f Telemetry \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 Tracking \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 Commanding.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Instruments-Simulation-987927711244444\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2022\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"72\" \/><\/a>\u0648\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/groups\/12376356\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3>\u00a0.<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/nanosatellite-multilevel-diffractive-lenses-mdl\/\"> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 Nanosatellites<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/remote-sensing-scanners\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f Remote Sensing Scanners<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/satellite-websites-and-databases\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/indigenous-launch-capability\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a Indigenous Launch Capability \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/spotting-satellites\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i> \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/see-satellite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/night-sat\/\">\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/space\/leo-satellites\/\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 LEO Satellites \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u061f<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/satellites\/space-blanket\/\"><i class=\"icon-note\"><\/i> \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Space Blanket<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 Universal Space Platform \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627 USP . &nbsp; \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 Universal Space Platform \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 S.P. Korolev RSC Energia \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 Yamal. \u0648 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Flight Qualification \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Yamal-100 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a 6 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1999 \u0645. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[44],"tags":[143,104,55,142],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1431"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1431"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1435,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1431\/revisions\/1435"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}