![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Soyuz-D-Mdule.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\/\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 <\/a>Soyuz TMA<\/span> . \u062a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 3.5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632<\/a> Soyuz TMA<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 – \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module<\/span> \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module<\/span> \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Instrumentation\/Propulsion Module<\/span> . \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module<\/span> . \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Re-entry<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Descent Module<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Orbital Module<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 Docking Mechanism<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 Hatch<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 Rendezvous Antennas<\/span> . \u0641\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 Soyuz<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a Secondary Guidance, Navigation And Control System<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz<\/span><\/a> \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 Hydrogen Peroxide<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 . \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 15 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0627\u062a Parachutes<\/span> .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Entry Interface<\/span> – \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 400000 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 – \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 Undocking<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 . \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 23 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Entry Interface \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 755 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 Pilot Parachutes<\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 Drogue Chute<\/span> . \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 Drogue<\/span> \u060c 24 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 (258 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627) \u060c \u062a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 755 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 262 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Main Parachute<\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 . \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 10764 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 Main Parachute<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz<\/span><\/a> \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 24 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Soyuz TMA \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 Crew Seats<\/span> \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 Liners<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 Liners<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 – \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 Space Shuttle<\/span> \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz<\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 TMA \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 TM .<\/span><\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Soyuz TMA<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 Soyuz TM<\/span> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1986 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2002 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631 Mir<\/span> \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2000 \u0645.<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 TMA<\/span> \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 15 \u0648 30 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 Entry Control System<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 Three-Axis Accelerometer<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 “\u0642\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 Color Glass Cockpit<\/span>” \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 Hand Controllers<\/span> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Instrument Panel<\/span> . \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 Soyuz TMA<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f Seats<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f Seat Shock Absorbers<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 Hangar Drop Tests<\/span> . \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Landing system<\/span> \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a Airdrop Tests<\/span> . \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 ***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n *<\/strong><\/p>\n\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0632 Soyuz Landing<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Lightening the Load on the Way Down<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/soyuz_splitlg.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Cushioning the Landing<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/soyuz_reentry.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0627\u062a Parachutes<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 Landing Engines<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/soyuz-landing-engines.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f Seats<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/soyuz-seat-improvements.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 TMA \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 TMA Improvements for Landing<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Soyuz-Landing-Zone.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 Sources<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\")
<\/a>\u0648\u00a0![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\")
<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n![\"handwave-yellow\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\")
<\/p>\n\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u00a0.<\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631<\/a><\/h3>\n