{"id":3593,"date":"2019-03-04T21:50:23","date_gmt":"2019-03-04T19:50:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/?p=3593"},"modified":"2019-03-04T21:51:11","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T19:51:11","slug":"hysteresis-error","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/units\/hysteresis-error\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 Hysteresis Error"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 What are Hysteresis Error \u061f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The hysteresis error of a pressure sensor is the maximum difference in output at any measurement value within the sensor\u2019s specified range when approaching the point first with increasing and then with decreasing pressure.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis Error<\/span> \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Pressure Sensor<\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Range<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3594 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"941\" height=\"910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis.jpg 941w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis-768x743.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 941px) 100vw, 941px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis Error<\/span> \u0643\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Range<\/span> \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 .<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis Error<\/span> \u0643\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Mechanical Hysteresis<\/span> \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Temperature Hysteresis<\/span> .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 Explanation of hysteresis calculation<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis Error<\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Y<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hysteresis is the measurement of the difference in Y offset of the values generated by the transducer as it measures in a positive going direction, and the same values as the transducer measures back down toward zero( the negative going values).<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3599 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"145\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 General Hysteresis<\/span><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 . \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Non-Linearity<\/span> \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Sampling Error<\/span> \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In many cases the main portion of this curve does not work out to be a simple straight line offset in each direction. Non-linearity and sampling error tend to make the line less than ideal. Therefore the general case solution is to have two parallel lines, one passing through the main portion of the positive going values and one through the negative.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3595 \" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"447\" height=\"259\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 Hysteresis of non-linear curves<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Calibrator<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Slope<\/span> \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Total Amount of Hysteresis<\/span> .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Nonlinearity<\/span> \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis<\/span> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 . \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Total Hysteresis<\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Y Values<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Total Amount Of Y Span . The generation of these two lines generally requires some finesse and is not nearly as scientific as some would think. The calibrator must determine where the \u201cmain\u201d portion of the curve is and then what line best fits through the positive going points. The second line then needs to be placed through the negative going set, keeping the same slope. The difference in Y intercept of these two lines then becomes the total amount of hysteresis. In a more simplified system, where the nonlinearity is less dramatic the calculation of the hysteresis becomes much simpler. In this simplified case the total hysteresis is the difference in y values compared to the total amount of y span.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3596 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"359\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis3.png 359w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis3-300x178.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637 Definition of points<\/span><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hysteresis<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">X<\/span> . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The calculation of the hysteresis in this simplified condition occurs at the X midpoint of the curve. This point can be located with the following formula.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3597\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"176\" height=\"45\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Equation 1 Midpoint location<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Y<\/span> (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635) \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0647\u0644 :<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Once the midpoint had been located, the two Y values (positive and negative going) can be obtained and the calculation becomes a simple plug and chug.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3598\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Hysteresis5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"58\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Equation 2 Hysteresis calculation<\/span><\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Instruments-Simulation-987927711244444\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2022\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"72\" \/><\/a>\u0623\u0648\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/inst-simulation-lib-506b21174\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/units\/knot\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 Knot<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/units\/units-used-in-islamic-societies\/\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/flow\/v-cone-dp-element\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u2013 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 V Cone DP Element<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/flow\/shuttle-type-flow-switch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643\u064a Shuttle Type Flow Switch<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/level\/solids-tilt-switch\/\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 Solids Tilt Level Switches<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/level\/paddle-level-switch1\/\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 Introduction to Rotary Paddle Level Switch<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 What are Hysteresis Error \u061f The hysteresis error of a pressure sensor is the maximum difference in output at any measurement value within the sensor\u2019s specified range when approaching the point first with increasing and then with decreasing pressure. . \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 Hysteresis Error \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 Pressure Sensor \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3599,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[256],"tags":[257,268],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3593"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3593"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3602,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3593\/revisions\/3602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}