![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Visual-Flame-Detector.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Optical flame detection has evolved over the last 30 years with improved sensors, processing power, and high electronics reliability, which has greatly improved the acceptance and \u00a0use of automatic optical fire detection in the harshest of environments and applications.<\/p>\n
Single wavelength ultraviolet (UV) detectors were originally used for the protection of large integrated oil and gas production platforms in the North Sea, followed by single wavelength infrared (IR) detectors, but problems with false alarms from numerous natural and artificial sources both on the platforms and from adjacent installations prompted the oil industry to search for a better technology. This paper covers the recurring problem of flare reflections on offshore platforms and how the evolving technology of visual flame detection has solved this problem.<\/p>\n
*<\/p>\n
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\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a Single Wavelength Ultraviolet (UV) Detectors<\/span> \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a Single Wavelength Infrared (IR) detectors<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 Flare Reflections<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 Visual Flame Detection<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 UK<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 Floating Oil And Gas Production Facilities<\/span> \u060c \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 . \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 FPSO<\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c Floating Production Storage And Offloading<\/span> \u00a0(\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n The origins of visual flame detection came from developments in the North Sea offshore oil and gas industry in the mid 1990\u2019s. The UK oil sector started to look at the use of floating oil and gas production facilities, to develop oil reserves in deeper water than conventional fixed platforms could be cost effectively deployed. These floating facilities called FPSO\u2019s (floating production storage and offloading (created a wealth of different challenges from conventional fixed platforms, including challenges to conventional infrared flame detectors.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 Flare<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 Flame Detection System<\/span> . \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0644 Relief Flares<\/span> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1000 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 Flame Detector Range<\/span> . \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 Piping<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 Vessels<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0627\u062a Shields<\/span> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a Hoods<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 Field Of View<\/span> \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0627\u062a Shields<\/span> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a Hoods<\/span> .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n Due to the relative close proximity of the process relief flare to the top side exposed production modules, reflected radiation could adversely affect the operation of the flame detection system. It should be noted that these process relief flares can be up to 1,000 times the size of the industry standard test fire used to specify flame detector range. As there are multiple highly reflective surfaces on the facilities, including piping, vessels and skids, reflections from the process flare could be multi directional and not easy to identify or isolate. The use of shields or hoods to partially limit the field of view of the conventional flame detectors was a compromise that some oil companies were reluctant to undertake but had no choice. In practice, the use of shields or hoods was later proven to be ineffective.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u0645 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 Optical Flame Detectors<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 FPSO<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u060c \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n In 1997, a major oil company that had done extensive testing of optical flame detectors since the initial development of the first major oil field in the North Sea in the early 1970’s was in the preliminary design phase of its first FPSO to develop an oil field in the North Atlantic Ocean, West of the Shetland Islands.\u00a0 Company managers were aware of the challenge from the process relief flare being in such close proximity to the top side production facilities and contacted a specialized fire detection consulting company to help work on a new type of flame detection system that would ignore reflections from the flare, whilst still providing fire detection coverage in these areas.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 Optical Flame Sensors<\/span> . \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 Charged Coupled Device CCD<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627 Visual Flame Detection System<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 FPSO<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n The consultant had been testing various brands of flame detectors as a consultant to the North Sea oil industry and had developed a specialized and unbiased understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of optical flame sensors. Some of this testing combined with research into the use of charged coupled device (CCD) image sensors for flame detection brought about the development of the first visual flame detection system for this first North Sea FPSO.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a Visual Flame Detectors<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 CCD<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a Algorithms<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a Algorithms<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 Live Video Image<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a CCD<\/span> \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n Visual flame detectors employ a video imaging technique using standard CCD sensors that are used in closed circuit television cameras, combined with advanced algorithms. These algorithms process the live video image from the CCD array and interpret flame characteristics.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u00a0Visual Imaging Based Flame Detection<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 Flare \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 IR based flame detectors<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 Imaging Based Detectors<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 Visual Flame Detectors<\/span> \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n As most of the original development of visual imaging based flame detection was carried out to ignore the reflections from the process flare, fire sensitivity was not the major objective. IR based flame detectors had better response times and could see fires at greater distances, but it was soon discovered that by not using the IR wavelength associated with most flame detectors, imaging based detectors were not affected by water absorption from rain or from CO2 emissions from gas turbine exhaust and other sources.<\/p>\n Due to their spatial dependency, visual flame detectors would not adjust their sensitivity depending on what was in the field of view of the detector.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 150 \u0648 200 \u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a 15- 20 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 200 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 Flare<\/span> . \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 50 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a . \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0628\u062b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f Multi -Spectrum IR<\/span> \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 UV<\/span> \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 IR<\/span> \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0628 Flame Detector<\/span> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 Camera . (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/a>)<\/span> .<\/p>\n Other applications for flame detectors in the late 1980\u2019s like the protection of commercial and military aircraft hangars dictated that automatic flame detectors respond to fires at distances of 150 -200 feet. This became the de facto industry specification.<\/p>\n As these detectors were then applied to the offshore oil industry, it was not readily apparent that, due to the very confined and condensed nature of the oil and gas processing areas, distances from a detector location to the actual fire source rarely exceeded 15- 20 feet, so the 200 feet potential range and sensitivity of these conventional flame detectors was not only unnecessary, but probably led to an increase in the false alarms from flare reflections. So even though the first generation visual flame detector had less than 50 percent of the sensitivity, compared to conventional type flame detectors, it did not matter in the close confines of an offshore platform. Nevertheless, a major weakness of visual based flame detection is that it cannot detect invisible type fires such as hydrogen or very weak flames such as pure methanol and pure sulphur.<\/p>\n Brightness associated with most hydrocarbons fires is one of the fundamental parameters of how the technology works. Combined with the live video output of the visual flame detector, operators in remote parts of the plant have the benefit of confirming the hazard and can take a more informed and safer course of action to combat the fire when detected with a visual flame detector. Some manufacturers of conventional multi -spectrum IR and combination UV\/IR detectors have recently introduce models with a bolt-on surveillance camera to achieve the same verification capability. Naturally, the fundamental issue of false alarms from flare reflections is not resolved with this combination flame detector and camera. [Source<\/a>]<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628<\/p>\n Video-Based Multi-Feature Flame detection system – Imaging Based Flame Detectors<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 ***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n .<\/p>\n Optical flame detection has evolved over the last 30 years with improved sensors, processing power, and high electronics reliability, which has greatly improved the acceptance and \u00a0use of automatic optical fire detection in the harshest of environments and applications. Single wavelength ultraviolet (UV) detectors were originally used for the protection of large integrated oil and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3334,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[134,239,135,240],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3159"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3159"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3553,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3159\/revisions\/3553"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Shield-and-Hood-300x185.png\")
<\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 The Technology<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Visual-Flame-detector-Ani1.gif\")
<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/p>\n\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\")
<\/a>\u0623\u0648\u00a0![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\")
<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n![\"handwave-yellow\"](\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\")
<\/p>\n\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u00a0.<\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 Conventional Fire Alarm System \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629 Addressable Fire Alarm System<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 Types of F&G Detection Devices<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 Gas Detectors<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 Stand Alone Smoke Detectors<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 Linear Heat Detector<\/a><\/h3>\n
\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a<\/a><\/h3>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"