{"id":2996,"date":"2018-11-20T19:01:27","date_gmt":"2018-11-20T17:01:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/?p=2996"},"modified":"2019-03-06T19:21:26","modified_gmt":"2019-03-06T17:21:26","slug":"new-kilogram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/new-kilogram\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0651 \u00ab\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u00bb. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 . \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a (<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">SI<\/span>) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640 129 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">International Prototype Kilogram<\/span> \u0623\u0648 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">IPK<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Platinum-Iridium<\/span> \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 40 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Le Grand K<\/span>\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3003 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-1-300x175.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"463\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-1-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-1-768x448.png 768w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-1.png 1007w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">mirror<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span>&#8221; \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 Kilogram<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889 \u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645-\u0625\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Platinum-Iridium<\/span>\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Micrograms<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 .<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2998 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Kilogram.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"836\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Kilogram.jpg 836w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Kilogram-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Kilogram-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Iridium<\/span>&#8221; \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u063a\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3004 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"931\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-2.png 931w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-2-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/International-Prototype-Kilogram-2-768x318.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 931px) 100vw, 931px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ian Robinson<\/span> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: &#8220;\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0627: &#8220;\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0630\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a&#8221; \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631&#8221; \u0647\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Platinum-Iridium\u00a0<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Planck Constant<\/span>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kibble Balance<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Robinson<\/span> \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632 &#8220;\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642&#8221; .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 16 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018 \u0645 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 .\u00a0\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u201c\u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 60 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u201c\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u201d .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646 (\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629) \u060c\u00a0\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645 20 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0645.<\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">After years of nursing a sometimes dusty cylinder of metal in a vault outside Paris as the global reference for modern mass, scientists are updating the definition of the kilogram.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Just as the redefinition of the second in 1967 helped to ease communication across the world via technologies like GPS and the internet, experts say the change in the kilogram will be better for technology, retail and health &#8211; though it probably won&#8217;t change the price of fish much.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The kilogram has been defined since 1889 by a shiny piece of platinum-iridium held in Paris. All modern mass measurements are traceable back to it &#8211; from micrograms of pharmaceutical medicines to kilos of apples and pears and tonnes of steel or cement.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The problem is, the &#8220;international prototype kilogram\u201d doesn&#8217;t always weigh the same. Even inside its three glass bell jars, it gets dusty and dirty, and is affected by the atmosphere. Sometimes, it really needs a wash.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;We live in a modern world. There are pollutants in the atmosphere that can stick to the mass,&#8221; said Ian Robinson, a specialist in the engineering, materials and electrical science department at Britain&#8217;s National Physical Laboratory.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;So when you just get it out of the vault, it&#8217;s slightly dirty. But the whole process of cleaning or handling or using the mass can change its mass. So it&#8217;s not the best way, perhaps, of defining mass.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>What&#8217;s needed is something more constant<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">So, at the end of a week-long meeting in the Palace of Versailles, Paris, the world&#8217;s leading measurement aficionados at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures will vote on Friday to make an &#8220;electronic kilogram&#8221; the new baseline measure of mass.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Just as the metre &#8211; once the length of a bar of platinum-iridium, also kept in Paris &#8211; is now defined by the constant speed of light in a vacuum, so a kilogram will be defined by a tiny but immutable fundamental value called the &#8220;Planck constant&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The new definition involves an apparatus called the Kibble balance, which makes use of the constant to measure the mass of an object using a precisely measured electromagnetic force.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cIn the present system, you have to relate small masses to large masses by subdivision. That&#8217;s very difficult &#8211; and the uncertainties build up very, very quickly,&#8221; Robinson said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;One of the things this (new) technique allows us to do is to actually measure mass directly at whatever scale we like, and that&#8217;s a big step forward.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">He said it had taken years of work to fine-tune the new definition to ensure the switchover will be smooth.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">But while the extra accuracy will be a boon to scientists, Robinson said that, for the average consumer buying flour or bananas, &#8220;there will be absolutely no change whatsoever&#8221;. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mirror.co.uk\/science\/weight-kilogram-changing-heres-what-13583972\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 Kibble Balance<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">International Prototype Kilogram IPK<\/span> . \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a 40 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064e \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">IPK<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1948 \u0648 1989 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Stuart Davidson<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">National Physical Laboratory<\/span> \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iflscience.com\/physics\/its-time-to-redefine-the-kilogram\/all\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IFLScience<\/a> : &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 1\/299,792,458 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 9,192,631,770 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Planck\u2019s Constant<\/span> \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">CIPM<\/span> \u0623\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">International Committee for Weights and Measures<\/span>) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0645 \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 0.01% \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0648 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647)\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0646\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0643. \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">CIPM<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Certain Quantum Effects<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643. \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0637 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Watt Balance<\/span> \u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Dr Bryan Kibble<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (2016 \u0645) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kibble Balance<\/span> \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3005 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Watt-balance.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"288\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0637 Watt Balance \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 Kibble Balance<\/span><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kibble Balance<\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646: &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c (\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Kilogram<\/span>) \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631&#8221;. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/nasainarabic.net\/main\/articles\/view\/its-time-to-redefine-the-kilogram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644 &#8211; \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Kibble Balance &#8211; Watt Balance &#8211; Kilogram<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Instruments-Simulation-987927711244444\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2022\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Inst-Sim-Face-ani-small2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"72\" \/><\/a>\u0623\u0648\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/inst-simulation-lib-506b21174\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Linked-in-Ani1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>***************************************************************<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3>\u00a0.<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/pressure\/stress-and-strain\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f Stress \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 Strain<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/pressure\/load-cells\/\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 Load Cells<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/pressure\/resistive-strain-sensors\/\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 Application Of Resistive Strain Sensors \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/weighbridge\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a Weighbridge<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/other\/gross-net-tret-weight\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f Total, Gross, Net, Tare and Tret Weight<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-559 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/handwave-Yellow.gif\" alt=\"handwave-yellow\" width=\"125\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2998,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,256],"tags":[217,182],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2996"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2996"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3610,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2996\/revisions\/3610"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inst-sim.com\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}